Zaatar

Part of speech: noun

Pronunciation: /ˈzɑːtɑː/

Definitions

1. A blend of herbs and spices often used in Middle Eastern cuisine; it typically includes sumac, thyme, and sesame seeds for a tangy and aromatic flavor profile; commonly sprinkled on bread or used as a seasoning for various dishes
2. A versatile seasoning mix known for its aromatic qualities, combining ingredients such as thyme, oregano, and sesame seeds, making it a staple in Mediterranean cooking; frequently enjoyed with olive oil and flatbread
3. A traditional condiment made from a mixture of spices, primarily featuring thyme, sumac, and toasted sesame seeds, often used to enhance the taste of meats, vegetables, and breads in various global cuisines

Etymology: Za'atar is the name of a Middle Eastern herb blend, but the word first belonged to a plant. In Arabic, "za'tar" and the variant "sa'tar" originally named wild thyme, and the seasoning was named after that herb, which is why thyme sits at its heart. The Arabic word is probably borrowed from Classical Syriac "ṣāṯrā", which is related to the Hebrew "ṣátrā", so the word has long travelled through the languages of the Levant before reaching English. The meaning shifted in a way that is easy to miss. Over time the name stopped pointing only at the plant and came to cover the condiment itself, a mixture of dried herbs, toasted sesame and sumac, eaten across the region with bread and olive oil. The English word keeps that double life: it can name the wild herb or the blend made from it, depending on where it is used.