Targes

Part of speech: noun

Definitions

1. A small shield typically used in medieval combat, designed for defense while allowing for mobility and maneuverability
2. A round shield often associated with light cavalry, used in historical warfare for both protection and as a striking surface
3. A type of shield favored in the Middle Ages, characterized by its size and portability for close combat scenarios

Etymology: The word "targes" is a plural form of "targe," a term that originally referred to a small shield used in medieval Scotland and northern England. These shields were typically round or slightly oval, designed to be lightweight and maneuverable, allowing warriors to deflect blows while keeping agile in battle. The word entered English around the late Middle Ages, reflecting the martial culture of the period. Etymologically, "targe" likely derives from Old French "targe" or "targe," which itself traces back to a Germanic source related to the word "target." The connection to "target" is meaningful, as both share the idea of a marked surface—one for defense, the other for aiming. Over time, "targe" came to denote a very specific kind of shield distinct from larger, heavier shields used by knights. These shields were often decorated with intricate designs, including heraldic symbols, and sometimes reinforced with metal bossing at the center to deflect direct strikes. The cultural significance of targes extended beyond their military use; they were symbols of status and identity among clans and warriors, especially in Scottish history. Though the word is now largely archaic, it remains a vivid reminder of the close combat and personal defense tactics of the medieval period. Its survival in historical texts and reenactments helps to preserve the terminology associated with the martial heritage of the British Isles.

Synonyms: shields, bucklers