Polytheist

Part of speech: noun

Pronunciation: /pɒlɪˈθiːɪst/

Definitions

  1. An individual who believes in or worships multiple deities and recognizes the existence of several gods or goddesses across various cultures and religions
  2. A person who adheres to a belief system that encompasses the reverence of multiple divine entities, often found in diverse historical contexts and spiritual practices
  3. A believer in the existence of numerous gods who is engaged in practices or traditions centered around the veneration of multiple divine beings across various cultures and religions

Etymology: The concept behind this word stems from the human tendency to categorize and understand different types of religious belief systems. It describes a person who worships or believes in multiple deities rather than a single god. The roots of the word reveal much about the nature of this belief system and how it contrasts with monotheism. This term was formed in the 17th century by combining two elements derived from Greek. The prefix "poly-" means "many" or "multiple," originating from the Greek "polús." The second part, "-theist," comes from the Greek "theos," meaning "god," combined with the suffix "-ist," which denotes someone who practices or is concerned with something. Thus, the word literally translates to "one who believes in many gods." The Greek influence is prominent because many ancient cultures known for polytheism, such as the Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians, had pantheons of gods, and their languages contributed extensively to Western religious vocabulary. The term entered English through scholarly and theological discourse as Christian theologians sought to define and distinguish their monotheistic faith from older or alternative systems. Over time, this label has been used in anthropology and religious studies to classify a wide variety of cultures and religions around the world that worship multiple deities, often with elaborate myths and rituals. Its straightforward construction from classical roots allowed it to become a technical term in discussions about religion, philosophy, and history.

Synonyms: pagan, idolater, henotheist

Antonyms: monotheist