Plagal

Part of speech: adjective

Pronunciation: /ˈpleɪɡəl/

Definitions

1. A type of musical cadence in which a subdominant chord resolves to the tonic, often heard as "Amen" at the end of hymns
2. A musical cadence characterized by the movement from the subdominant to the tonic chord, commonly associated with liturgical music endings
3. This term describes a cadence where the subdominant chord transitions to the tonic, frequently used in church hymns for finality

Etymology: The word "plagal" originates from the realm of music, specifically in relation to musical modes. Its roots can be traced back to the Greek word "plagios," which means "oblique" or "sideways." This notion of obliqueness is aptly reflected in the way plagal modes function within musical structure, providing a contrasting flavor to the more dominant modes known as authentic modes. The term came into English use in the early 20th century, likely around the 1920s, as music theory began to adopt more precise terminologies for classical concepts. In the framework of medieval music theory, plagal modes are often characterized by their relationship to the corresponding authentic modes. For example, the plagal mode is derived from the authentic mode but is noted for starting on a pitch that is a fourth below the tonic of the authentic mode. This relationship emphasizes a descending motion, which gives plagal music a distinctive sound quality that is often described as softer or more soothing than its authentic counterparts. The relationship between these modes reflects a deep understanding of musical structure that has evolved over centuries. Interestingly, the term also connects to broader concepts in music, where the idea of "obliqueness" can be metaphorically tied to various genres and styles that incorporate modal interchange. In contemporary music, the idea of plagal cadences, such as those found in popular chord progressions, demonstrates the lasting impact of this term and its underlying principles. Thus, while its origins lie in classical music theory, "plagal" continues to resonate across musical landscapes, highlighting the complexity and richness of sound that exists within various forms of musical expression. As music has developed, so too has the usage of this term, which has become an essential part of the lexicon for musicians and theorists alike. It serves as a reminder of the intricate interplay between different musical elements and the historical evolution of musical terminology that shapes our understanding of sound today.