Periwig

Part of speech: noun

Pronunciation: /ˈpɛɹɪwɪɡ/

Definitions

1. A hairpiece or artificial covering for the head, typically made of long human or animal hair, worn especially during the 17th and 18th centuries as a fashion accessory or symbol of status
2. An artificial head covering constructed from long strands of human or animal hair, fashionable as an ornamental and status-indicating garment during the 17th and 18th centuries
3. A decorative hairpiece composed of lengthy hair material, historically worn as a prestigious accessory and fashion statement in early modern Europe

Etymology: The term "periwig" finds its origins in the mid-17th century, a time when elaborate hairstyles were not merely a matter of personal grooming but a statement of social status and fashion. This word, with its roots tracing back to the French "perruque," initially referred to a type of wig characterized by its long, flowing locks that often cascaded down the shoulders. As the fashion for such wigs took hold in England, particularly among the aristocracy and those in legal professions, the term became firmly entrenched in the English lexicon. The usage of "periwig" in English can be traced back to around 1650. One notable early reference is found in the writings of John Milton, where he refers to the "periwig" as part of the attire signifying high status. These wigs were not just accessories; they were often meticulously crafted from human hair, horsehair, or even wool, and their styles varied significantly depending on the prevailing fashion of the day. The significance of the periwig extended beyond mere aesthetics—wigs became a symbol of authority, especially in legal settings, where judges and barristers would don them as part of their ceremonial garb. The term's evolution reflects a shift in societal values. Initially, "periwig" denoted simply a form of headwear, but as the years progressed, it became imbued with connotations of dignity and power. By the 18th century, the wearing of these wigs had become so prevalent that it was a requirement in various formal contexts. However, as styles changed and the popularity of wigs waned, the original meaning of "periwig" began to fade, giving way to more modern hairstyles. Interestingly, the term also developed a verb form, which means to adorn oneself with a wig or to wear one in a particular fashion. This transformation into a verb highlights the cultural significance of wigs during this period, as they were not merely passive accessories but active elements of self-presentation. The word ultimately embodies the intersection of fashion, identity, and social hierarchy during a transformative period in English history. While the periwig may no longer be a staple of contemporary fashion, its legacy persists, reminding us of a time when one's headwear could convey as much about a person as their words or actions.

Synonyms: wig, hairpiece, toupee, headpiece