Obdurates

Part of speech: verb

Definitions

1. To show a stubborn refusal to change one's opinion or course of action | To remain unmoved by persuasion or moral influence, often stubbornly persistent | To display a relentless obstinacy in the face of contrary arguments or appeals
2. To exhibit an unyielding attitude in rejecting change or persuasion | To remain firm and resistant to any attempts at moral or emotional influence | To demonstrate an inflexible and persistent obstinacy against opposing viewpoints or advice
3. To demonstrate an unwavering resistance to alteration or influence

Etymology: The term "obdurate" traces its origins back to the Latin word "obduratus," the past participle of "obdurare," which means "to harden." This Latin root combines "ob-" meaning "against" and "durare," meaning "to last" or "to endure." In this sense, the original meaning of the word conveyed a sense of being resistant or unyielding, akin to being hardened against something. By the late 15th century, "obdurate" made its entrance into the English language, retaining much of that original connotation. In its early uses, particularly in the context of literature and religious texts, this term often described a stubbornness or inflexibility in moral or emotional matters. It was frequently employed to portray a heart that was resistant to compassion or empathy. This moral dimension of the word became prominent in works of literature, where characters might be described as obdurate when they refuse to show mercy or understanding. A notable early usage can be found in Shakespeare's works, where he applies it to illustrate the unwavering nature of certain characters. Over time, "obdurate" has evolved from a focus on physical hardness to a broader application in describing emotional and mental rigidity. In contemporary usage, it signifies a refusal to change one’s opinion or behavior, often in the face of persuasion or appeal. This shift from a literal to a more abstract interpretation highlights the complexity of human behavior and the ways in which language can encapsulate these nuances. As the word permeated various aspects of English literature and discourse, it became associated with themes of moral obstinacy and emotional resolve, contributing to its rich tapestry of meanings. The evolution of this term reflects not only the linguistic journey from Latin through Old French into English but also the cultural preoccupations with morality and human emotion across centuries. Thus, "obdurate" stands as a testament to the interplay between language and the enduring nature of human characteristics.

Synonyms: stubborn, unyielding

Antonyms: yielding, soft-hearted