Malapert

Part of speech: adjective

Pronunciation: /ˈmæləpɜːt/

Definitions

1. Bold and disrespectful in speech or behavior, especially toward those deserving of respect or authority
2. Impudently forward and brash, showing a lack of respect in dialogue or conduct, particularly towards figures of authority or esteem
3. Exhibiting a rude or saucy demeanor, often characterized by an audacious defiance of social norms and respect for superiors

Etymology: The word "malapert" began life as a compliment to a skilled person and ended up describing a bold, impudent one. Its Old French ancestor, "mal apert", literally meant "ill-skilled", and "apert" itself once meant "open" or "clever", a sense also found in the root's relatives. Under the prefix "mal-", meaning "badly" or "not", the combination should have described someone clumsy, yet the sense shifted over time toward a different kind of failing. The path into English ran through Middle French "malappert", which carried the word across the Channel. By the time it reached English, the meaning had moved from lack of skill toward a boldness that overstepped proper manners. Today it describes someone who is cheeky toward those above them in rank, a loss of respect rather than a loss of ability.

Synonyms: impudent, impertinent, insolent, bold, audacious

Antonyms: polite, respectful, meek, humble, submissive