Handsome

Part of speech: adjective

Pronunciation: /ˈhæn.səm/

Definitions

  1. Physically attractive in a strong, dignified way, typically used to describe men
  2. Having an appealing and aesthetically pleasing appearance, often characterized by strength or refinement
  3. Described as possessing a strikingly attractive look, particularly in a masculine and confident manner

Etymology: Originally, the adjective now meaning "attractive" or "pleasing in appearance" had a more physical and practical sense. In Middle English, it was used to describe something that was easy to handle or manipulate—derived from the notion of something "handy" or convenient. The suffix "-some" added the sense of “characterized by” or “tending to,” so the word essentially meant "easy to handle" or "skillful with the hands." This practical meaning extended beyond just physical dexterity to encompass a broader sense of neatness, generosity, or substantiality. For example, in the 16th and 17th centuries, it could describe a man who was not only good-looking but also well-built and well-mannered, implying a sense of grace and capability rather than mere facial attractiveness. It could also refer to things like a "handsome sum," meaning a considerable or generous amount. The transition to the modern sense of "pleasing to look at" or "attractive" emerged gradually over the 17th and 18th centuries. This shift reflects how qualities associated with skillfulness, neatness, and generosity became metaphorically linked to physical appearance, especially in men. The word retained a connotation of something substantial and impressive, which helped reinforce its connection to good looks. Etymologically, it stems from the Old English "hand" combined with the suffix "-some," which was used to form adjectives indicating a tendency or quality. The word’s evolution from a literal reference to the hands to an abstract notion of appealing form is a neat example of how language can move from concrete to more figurative uses over time. This journey from "easy to handle" to "attractive" also highlights cultural values around appearances and capabilities in earlier English-speaking societies.

Synonyms: attractive, good-looking, striking, appealing, charming

Antonyms: ugly, unattractive, homely, plain, repulsive