Guitar

Part of speech: noun

Pronunciation: /ɡɪˈtɑː(ɹ)/

Definitions

  1. A stringed musical instrument with a long neck and a resonating body, typically played by plucking or strumming the strings with fingers or a pick
  2. A type of musical implement featuring a long neck and a hollow body, which produces sound through the vibration of its strings when strummed or picked
  3. This musical device has a distinct shape with a neck and body, and it generates melodies by having its strings plucked or strummed

Etymology: The guitar’s story stretches back through centuries and cultures, weaving a tale of musical evolution and linguistic borrowing. The modern word arrived in English in the early 16th century, borrowed from Spanish "guitarra," itself tracing its lineage to the Arabic "qītārah." This Arabic term was used to describe a stringed instrument that was part of the rich musical traditions of the Islamic world, particularly in Al-Andalus (medieval Muslim Spain). The instrument and its name journeyed westward as cultural exchanges flourished during the medieval period. Before Arabic influence, the root can be traced even further to the ancient Greek "kithara," a type of lyre associated with classical antiquity. The kithara was a prominent instrument in Greek music and poetry, often held by the legendary Orpheus. Over time, through Roman and later European adaptations, the concept of this stringed instrument evolved into various forms, ultimately shaping the design and function of the guitar we recognize today. Interestingly, the shape and construction of the guitar changed greatly over time, from early flat-backed designs to the round-backed "lutes" and eventually to the flat-backed, six-stringed form that dominates today’s music scenes. The English language adopted the Spanish term due to Spain’s significant role in popularizing the instrument during the Renaissance and beyond, especially with the spread of flamenco and classical guitar styles. Thus, the word encapsulates a journey not only of sound and craftsmanship but also of cultural blending — from ancient Greece through the Arab world to medieval Spain, before settling into English usage. It carries echoes of ancient melodies and centuries of artistic exchange, all contained in a single, familiar term.

Synonyms: string instrument, axe