Grudged

Part of speech: verb

Pronunciation: /ɡɹʌd͡ʒd/

Definitions

1. To display a reluctance to provide something due to feelings of resentment or envy while harboring a sense of bitterness towards another's possessions or achievements
2. To provide or give something with unwillingness or resentment, showing bitterness over another's gain
3. To permit or grant in a hesitant or resentful manner, indicating displeasure or envy towards others' success

Etymology: "Grudged" is simply the past tense and past participle of "grudge", so its story is the story of the verb. That verb arrived in English in the 15th century as a variant of "grutch", which came from Middle English "grucchen", meaning to murmur, complain, or feel envy. Its earlier source was Old French "grouchier" or "groucier", "to murmur, grumble", which likely began as an imitation of a sullen, muttering sound. The sound-imitation idea shows up across Germanic languages. Middle High German "grogezen" meant to howl or wail, German "grocken" meant to croak, and Old High German "grunzen" meant to grunt. The word's original flavour was a low, discontented noise before it became a feeling held in the heart.

Synonyms: resented, held, begrudged, coveted, envied

Antonyms: generous, forgiven, granted, bestowed, given