Entrained

Part of speech: verb

Definitions

1. To be incorporated into a moving system, resulting in the interaction of particles with the medium that carries them along
2. To be influenced by a surrounding force, leading to an amalgamation with the fluid that enhances motion and transport
3. To be absorbed or engaged within a dynamic flow, resulting in a cohesive movement among particles and their carrying medium

Etymology: "Entrained" is the past tense of "entrain," a verb whose basic sense is to draw something along behind a moving thing, the way a current carries debris. The verb came into English from Middle French "entrainer," built from "en-" meaning "in" and "trainer," meaning "to pull or drag," which itself descends from the Latin "trahere," "to draw." So at its root, the idea is pulling something into a flow. The sense most readers meet today, in physics and engineering, grew from a second French thread. The noun "entrain" comes from the French verb "entraîner," which also meant "to charm" or "to enthuse," and it may trace further to the phrase "être en train," "to be in good spirits." Those two meanings, being carried along by a pull and being carried along by enthusiasm, sit side by side in the French family of words, though English adopted the physical sense as the main one.

Synonyms: carried, transported