Dogma

Part of speech: noun

Pronunciation: /ˈdɒɡ.mə/

Definitions

  1. A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true | a point of religious doctrine held as fundamental to faith
  2. A firmly held belief or system of beliefs accepted as authoritative truth without requiring proof or questioning
  3. An established principle or doctrine proclaimed as absolute fact by an institution or authority figure that followers accept without critical examination

Etymology: The word emerged in English during the late 16th century, borrowed from Latin "dogma," which itself traces back to the Greek "dogma" (δέγμα), meaning "that which one thinks is true" or simply "opinion." In ancient Greek philosophy, this term referred to a philosophical tenet or a principle laid down as incontrovertibly true by an authority, often a teacher or philosopher. The shift from a general notion of "opinion" to a more rigid, authoritative assertion set the stage for its later religious connotations. In early Christian theology, "dogma" took on a more specialized role, denoting official doctrines proclaimed by the Church as divinely revealed truths. These doctrines were not merely suggestions but were binding beliefs that adherents were expected to accept without question. This transition from philosophical speculation to religious orthodoxy highlights the word’s journey from fluid ideas to fixed, authoritative principles. The Latin form adopted the Greek meaning closely, passing into medieval Latin with the same religious and philosophical weight. The adoption into English occurred in a period marked by religious upheaval and debates about doctrine during the Reformation and Counter-Reformation, making the term particularly resonant. Its pronunciation and spelling have remained relatively stable, preserving the hard "g" sound from Greek through Latin into English. Over time, the word broadened beyond strictly religious contexts. In modern usage, it can refer to any set of beliefs or principles held firmly and authoritatively, often with an implication that questioning them is discouraged. This extension from sacred doctrine to any rigidly held opinion reflects the enduring power of the original Greek concept of a strongly asserted truth.

Synonyms: doctrine, belief, tenet

Antonyms: doubt