Atmans

Part of speech: noun

Definitions

  1. Plural forms referring to spiritual selves or souls in Indian philosophy ; denoting individual essences that are considered the innermost being
  2. Multiple entities embodying the pure, unchanging self in Hindu thought ; signifying distinct personal spirits or true selves
  3. Refers to several ultimate realities or inner souls believed to underpin individual existence ; indicating numerous spiritual cores within each person

Etymology: The term "atmans" is the plural form of "atman," a concept rooted deeply in Indian philosophy and religious traditions, particularly within Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The singular "atman" derives from the Sanskrit word "ātman," which means "self," "soul," or "essence." This word has been central to spiritual discourse for millennia, representing the innermost reality or true self that transcends the physical body and mind. The origins of the Sanskrit "ātman" trace back to ancient Vedic texts, where it was used to describe the vital breath or life principle. Over time, the term evolved into a profound metaphysical concept, especially in the Upanishads, where it came to signify the eternal, unchanging core of an individual—the soul or spirit that is ultimately identical with Brahman, the universal spirit. This identification forms a cornerstone of many Hindu philosophical systems, emphasizing the unity of individual consciousness with the cosmic whole. When the term entered English usage, it was typically through the study of Indian philosophy and religions in the 18th and 19th centuries, coinciding with increased Western interest in Eastern spiritual thought. English speakers adopted "atman" primarily in scholarly and religious contexts to discuss these philosophical ideas. The plural "atmans" follows English pluralization conventions, although the concept itself is often treated as singular or uncountable in philosophical texts. This borrowing reflects not only linguistic exchange but also cultural and intellectual engagement. The word embodies a bridge between ancient spiritual traditions and modern philosophical and psychological explorations of consciousness, selfhood, and identity. While "atmans" may seem like a straightforward plural, it carries with it centuries of theological and metaphysical significance that continue to influence contemporary thought worldwide.

Synonyms: souls, selves, spirits