Abstinens

Part of speech: noun

Definitions

1. Refraining from indulging in certain pleasures or habits, often relating to food, drink, or sensual activity; showing self-restraint or avoidance in behavior or consumption; the practice of deliberately choosing not to participate in particular actions or enjoyments
2. The deliberate act of withholding oneself from engaging in specific desires or activities, especially those related to physical gratification or consumption; exercising control over impulses or cravings; a conscious lifestyle choice of moderation or avoidance
3. A state of voluntary restraint from certain behaviors or indulgences, commonly related to avoiding alcohol, drugs, or sexual activity; maintaining discipline by shunning particular temptations; the policy or practice of eschewing excess or specific habits

Etymology: "Abstinens" is the Latin noun from "abstinere," meaning "to hold back" or "to keep off." It combines "abs-," meaning "away from," with "tenere," meaning "to hold." The same verb gave Latin speakers the sense of refraining from food, drink, or pleasure, and the noun came to name the disciplined restraint itself. English borrowed the idea through "abstinence," which entered the language in the 14th century via Old French "abstinence," from the same Latin root. The Latin form "abstinens" survives mainly as the present participle, meaning "abstaining" or "refraining," and it is the root of related English words like "abstain" and "abstemious."

Synonyms: abstinence, restraint, self-denial

Antonyms: indulgence, excess, intemperance